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Common Mental Health Problems

We all experience challenges with our mental health at different points in life—whether as children, young people, or adults. Sometimes these feelings pass on their own, and other times they can feel overwhelming or persistent. This guide is here to help you better understand some common difficulties, and to reassure you that support is available.

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Anxiety

Anxiety can show up as constant worry, racing thoughts, or physical symptoms like a fast heartbeat, restlessness, or trouble sleeping. For children, it might look like clinginess, avoiding school, or frequent worries about safety or “what ifs.”

Helpful support:

  • Gentle reassurance and open conversations

  • Creating predictable routines

  • Learning calming techniques such as breathing exercises

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Low Mood & Depression

Low mood can affect how a person feels, thinks, and behaves. It may include sadness, low energy, loss of interest in activities, or feeling hopeless. In children, this can sometimes appear as irritability, withdrawal, or changes in behaviour.

Helpful support:

  • Encouraging small, manageable daily activities

  • Staying connected with supportive people

  • Offering a safe space to talk without judgement

 

Anger & Behavioural Difficulties

Anger is a natural emotion, but when it becomes overwhelming, it can lead to outbursts or challenging behaviour. Often, anger is a way of expressing deeper feelings that are harder to communicate.

Helpful support:

  • Helping to identify and name underlying emotions

  • Teaching healthy ways to express feelings

  • Remaining calm and consistent in responses

 

Self-Esteem & Confidence

Low self-esteem can lead to negative self-talk, lack of confidence, and fear of failure. Young people may compare themselves to others or feel they are “not good enough.”

Helpful support:

  • Focusing on strengths and small achievements

  • Encouraging self-compassion

  • Providing consistent encouragement and validation

 

Stress

Stress can affect both the mind and body. It might come from school pressures, relationships, or life changes. Signs can include irritability, difficulty concentrating, headaches, or trouble sleeping.

Helpful support:

  • Breaking tasks into smaller steps

  • Encouraging rest and balance

  • Talking through worries and problem-solving together

 

Bereavement & Loss

Grief can be deeply felt at any age. Children and young people may not always express sadness in obvious ways and may move in and out of their grief.

Helpful support:

  • Being open and honest in conversations

  • Allowing space for emotions to come and go

  • Keeping routines where possible to provide stability

 

Trauma & PTSD

Trauma can result from distressing or overwhelming experiences. It may lead to anxiety, flashbacks, emotional withdrawal, or difficulty feeling safe.

Helpful support:

  • Creating a sense of safety and trust

  • Moving at the individual’s pace

  • Seeking professional support when needed

 

Self-Harm

Self-harm is often a way of coping with intense or overwhelming emotions. It can feel frightening for families, but it is important to approach this with care and understanding.

Helpful support:

  • Responding with calmness and compassion

  • Encouraging open, non-judgemental conversations

  • Seeking professional guidance and support

 

ADHD & Attention Difficulties

Children and young people with attention difficulties may struggle with focus, impulsivity, or restlessness. This can impact learning, relationships, and self-esteem.

Helpful support:

  • Creating structure and routine

  • Using clear, simple instructions

  • Recognising and celebrating strengths

 

School-Related Difficulties

Some children may struggle with attendance, academic pressure, friendships, or feeling safe at school. These challenges can impact both emotional wellbeing and confidence.

Helpful support:

  • Listening to your child’s experience

  • Working collaboratively with the school

  • Exploring underlying causes with support

 

 

A Final Thought

Every child, young person, and adult is unique. These experiences can look different for everyone, and there is no “one size fits all” approach. What matters most is feeling heard, supported, and understood. If you or your child are finding things difficult, reaching out for support can be a really important first step. With the right help, understanding, and care, positive and lasting change is always possible. 

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Other Helpful Websites:

Here are some trusted and supportive websites for each of the common mental health difficulties mentioned. These organisations offer reliable information, practical guidance, and support for children, young people, and families.

 

These organisations provide a wealth of information and support, whether you’re looking for guidance, reassurance, or someone to talk to. If you ever feel unsure, reaching out to one of these services can be a really helpful first step.

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